Solar panel | Photovoltaic module are components that change sunlight into using PV cells. They serve as an environmentally friendly and alternative energy source, decreasing reliance on carbon-based fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel |
Solar thermal collector | A solar energy collector is a apparatus that collects sunlight to generate heat, usually used for water heating or room heating applications. It effectively converts solar energy into thermal energy, decreasing reliance on standard energy sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_collector |
Solar thermal energy | Sun-powered thermal energy harnesses solar radiation to generate heat, which can be used for water heating, indoor heating, or power generation. It is a renewable and eco-friendly technology that reduces dependence on fossil fuels and lowers carbon emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_energy |
Worthing | Worthing is a beautiful seaside town in the county of West Sussex, England, known for its historic pier and vibrant promenade. It offers a charming blend of sandy beaches, cultural attractions, and outdoor activities perfect for visitors and residents alike. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthing |
England | The country of England is a historic nation in the United Kingdom known for its rich cultural traditions, famous sights, and lively cities like London. It boasts a mixed terrain of undulating terrain, ancient castles, and busy metropolitan areas that combine tradition with modern innovation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England |
Sunlight | Daylight is the organic radiance emitted by the sun, crucial for life on Earth as it supplies fuel for photosynthesis and affects climate and weather patterns. It also contributes to our well-being by controlling our circadian rhythms and boosting vitamin D production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight |
Electricity | Electrical power is a kind of energy generated by the flow of electrically charged entities, primarily electrons. It powers numerous systems and infrastructures, enabling contemporary living and technological advancements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity |
Photovoltaic | Solar technology converts solar radiation directly into power using photovoltaic panels composed of semi-conductor materials. It is a sustainable energy source that reduces reliance on non-renewable fuels and helps mitigate environmental impact. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic |
Electrons | Electrons are fundamental particles with a negative electric charge that surround the nucleus of an atom, important for in chemical reactions and electricity. Their behavior and interactions affect the electrical conductivity and chemical properties of elements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons |
Direct current | DC is the unidirectional flow of electric charge, usually produced by cell packs, electrical sources, and solar cells. It provides a constant voltage or current, rendering it crucial for electronic devices and low voltage. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current |
Battery (electricity) | A cell is a device that accumulates chemical energy and transforms it into electrical energy to run various digital equipment. It includes one or more galvanic cells, each containing electrode pairs separated by an electrolyte. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity) |
Photovoltaic system | A solar power system converts solar radiation immediately into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is an green power solution that minimizes reliance on non-renewable energy sources and supports sustainable energy production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system |
Solar inverter | A solar power converter is a device that transforms DC created by solar panels into alternating current (AC) fit for domestic use and grid connection. It plays a crucial role in enhancing energy performance and providing secure, dependable power output from solar energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_inverter |
Alternating current | Alternating current is an electric current that changes polarity regularly, generally used in domestic and commercial power supplies. It enables effective transmission of electricity over long distances and is defined by its voltage and current waveforms, usually sinusoidal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current |
Charge controller | A charge regulator is a device that controls the voltage and current coming from a solar panel to prevent batteries from excess charging and damage. It ensures efficient energy transfer and prolongs the lifespan of the battery system. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_controller |
Measuring instrument | A measuring instrument is a instrument used to ascertain the dimension, volume, or level of something accurately. It includes tools like meters, temperature sensors, and barometers that provide precise readings for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measuring_instrument |
Solar tracker | A solar tracker is a device that automatically adjusts the orientation of solar panels to monitor the sun's movement throughout the day, maximizing energy absorption. This system boosts the efficiency of solar power systems by keeping best sun exposure. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracker |
Solar farms | Solar farms are large-scale installations that utilize sunlight to create electricity using a multitude of solar panels. They provide a renewable and renewable energy resource, cutting down reliance on fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_farms |
Rooftop solar power | Roof-mounted solar energy involves placing photovoltaic solar panels on building rooftops to generate electricity from sunlight. This sustainable energy source helps minimize reliance on non-renewable fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_power |
Grid-connected photovoltaic system | An grid-integrated photovoltaic system transforms sunlight into electricity and feeds excess power directly into the utility grid, providing a sustainable energy solution. It enhances energy efficiency and decreases reliance on fossil fuels while enabling users to benefit from potential energy credits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid-connected_photovoltaic_system |
Greenhouse gas emissions | Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the release of gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and N2O into the atmosphere, primarily from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to global warming and climate change. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions |
Solar power satellite | A solar energy satellite is an spacecraft equipped with photovoltaic panels that absorb sunlight and convert it into electricity. This electricity is then sent wirelessly to the planet's surface for application as an eco-friendly power supply. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_satellite |
Home energy storage | Home energy storage systems store excess energy generated from green sources or the power grid for later use, enhancing energy self-sufficiency and effectiveness. These systems commonly employ batteries to deliver backup power, reduce energy expenses, and aid grid stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage |
Timeline of solar cells | The chronology of photovoltaic cells tracks the advancement and improvements in solar power tech from the initial finding of the solar effect to modern high-efficiency solar arrays. It features significant innovations, including the creation of the first silicon photovoltaic cell in 1954 and ongoing advances that have substantially enhanced power transformation and cost-effectiveness. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_solar_cells |
Edmond Becquerel | Edmond Becquerel was a French scientist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of the photoelectric effect and luminescence. His research laid the foundation for understanding how illumination interacts with particular media to generate electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Becquerel |
Willoughby Smith | Smith was a UK electrical engineer and researcher known for finding out the photo-conductive property of Se in 1873. His work laid the foundation for the development of the photo-sensitive device and progress in early photographic and electronic systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willoughby_Smith |
Selenium | The Selenium framework is an free framework used for automating web browsers, enabling testers to mimic user interactions and verify web application functionalities. It supports various programming languages and web browsers, making it a versatile tool for automated. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium |
William Grylls Adams | William Grylls Adams was a UK physicist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of light and optical science, particularly the discovery of the polarization of light reflected from clear materials. His research significantly contributed to the understanding of electromagnetic wave behavior and the development of optical science. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Grylls_Adams |
Charles Fritts | Charles Fritts was an US innovator who created the earliest working selenium solar cell in 1883. His innovative work set the groundwork for the current photovoltaic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fritts |
Coal-fired power plant | A coal-fired power plant generates electricity by firing coal to produce vapor that drives turbines connected to generators. This process releases considerable amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal-fired_power_plant |
Russell Ohl | Russell Ohl was an American scientist credited with identifying the solar cell and enhancing the understanding of semiconductor. His work formed the basis of modern photovoltaic technology and the development of silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Ohl |
Bell Labs | Bell Laboratories is a famous innovative organization historically associated with AT&T, known for leading innovations in communications, computer science, and materials research. It has been the origin of many groundbreaking inventions, including the semiconductor device and the laser technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs |
Silicon | Silicon is a chemical element with the symbol Si and number 14, widely known for its essential role in the production of electronic components and solar cells. It is a solid, brittle crystal solid with a blue-grey sheen, mainly utilized as a semi-conductor in the electronic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon |
Micro-inverter | A small inverter is a little device installed on each photovoltaic panel to convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) at the location. This technology increases system efficiency, enables improved performance monitoring, and boosts energy yield in solar energy setups. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-inverter |
Solar cell | A solar cell is a component that turns sunlight immediately into electricity through the solar energy process. It is often used in photovoltaic systems to supply a green and renewable energy source. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell |
PV system | An PV (photovoltaic) system converts sunlight straight into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is a green energy technology that provides renewable power for residential, commercial, and utility-scale applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PV_system |
Photon | A photon serves as a basic particle which represents a unit of light and other electromagnetic radiation, carrying energy and momentum and energy without possessing rest mass. It has a key role in the relations between matter and electromagnetic fields, allowing phenomena such as reflection, refraction, and quantum communication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon |
Photovoltaic effect | The solar photoelectric effect is the phenomenon by which certain materials transform sunlight directly into electricity through the creation of charge carriers. This effect is the fundamental foundation behind solar panel systems, allowing the capturing of solar sunlight for electricity production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_effect |
Wafer (electronics) | An wafer in electrical engineering is a fine slice of semiconductor material, typically silicon, used as the foundation for fabricating integrated circuits. It serves as the primary platform where microprocessors are built through processes like doping, etching, and layering. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics) |
Crystalline silicon | Crystalline silicon is a extremely pure form of silicon used primarily in the manufacturing of solar cells and electronic systems due to its excellent semiconductor properties. Its structured, systematic crystal lattice enables efficient electrical conductivity and energy conversion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon |
Thin film solar cell | Flexible solar cells are a type of photovoltaic technology characterized by their light, flexible design, and ability to be fabricated over extensive surfaces at a more affordable price. They use thin semiconductor layers a few micrometers thick to transform sunlight into usable electricity efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film_solar_cell |
Dead and live loads | Dead loads refer to the permanent forces exerted by the weight of construction parts and fixed equipment, while live loads are temporary forces such as occupants, furnishings, and environmental factors. Both are important considerations in building planning to ensure safety and stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_and_live_loads |
Series and parallel circuits | Series circuits link components in a line, so the identical current passes through all devices, while parallel circuits link components across the identical voltage source, allowing multiple paths for current. These configurations influence the circuit's total resistance, current spread, and voltage reductions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_and_parallel_circuits |
Electric power | Electrical energy is the speed at which electric power is transferred by an electric circuit, primarily used to operate devices and appliances. Created through diverse origins such as carbon-based fuels, nuclear, and green energy, and is essential for contemporary living. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power |
Watt | A unit of power is a measure of energy conversion in the International System of Units, indicating the measure of energy flow or conversion. It is the same as one joule per second. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt |
Voltage | Voltage is the electrical voltage difference between two points, which causes the movement of electrical current in a circuit. It is measured in volts and shows the power per individual charge ready to move electrons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage |
Volt | A voltage is the base unit of electric potential, electric potential difference, and voltage in the SI system. It measures the voltage per charge unit between points in an circuit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt |
Electric current | Electric flow is the passage of electric charge through a conductor, commonly measured in amps. It is essential for powering electronic gadgets and enabling the operation of electrical circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current |
Ampere | Amp is the unit of electric flow in the SI units, symbolized as A. It quantifies the movement of electrical charge through a circuit over a duration. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere |
Electrical load | Electrical load indicates the quantity of electrical power or current demanded by appliances and electrical load in a circuit. It affects the design and capacity of power systems to guarantee reliable and cost-effective energy distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_load |
Junction box | A junction box is an electrical enclosure used to protect wire connections, providing a core for wiring in electrical systems. It ensures neat and secure connections, preventing electrical hazards and facilitating maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junction_box |
MC4 connector | The MC4 connector is a standardized photovoltaic connector used to attach solar panels in a secure and dependable manner. It features a clip-in design with waterproof sealing, providing durability and effective electrical connection in outdoor solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MC4_connector |
USB power | USB power delivers a convenient and uniform method of providing electrical energy to devices through standard ports. It is often used for recharging and feeding a extensive range of electronic gadgets, from smartphones to peripherals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_power |
Power inverter | A energy inverter is a device that transforms direct current (DC) from inputs like accumulators or solar arrays into AC suitable for home devices. It allows the operation of standard electrical devices in locations where only DC power is accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverter |
Battery pack | An battery pack functions as an collection of several individual batteries assembled to store and supply electrical energy for various devices. It provides portable power solutions for electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_pack |
Solar tracking | Solar panel tracking solutions automatically align the orientation of solar panels to track the sun movement throughout the day, optimizing power intake. This system boosts the effectiveness of photovoltaic energy harvesting by keeping ideal panel positioning. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracking |
Maximum power point tracking | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a approach used to optimize the power generation of photovoltaic systems by constantly tuning the working point to align with the peak power point of the solar cells. This methodology provides the most efficient energy harvesting, especially under changing weather. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking |
Power optimizer | A power optimizer serves as a device used in solar energy systems to maximize energy output by individually enhancing the performance of each solar panel. It improves overall system efficiency by reducing energy loss caused by shading, dirt, or panel mismatch. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_optimizer |
Solar performance monitor | A solar performance monitor is a tool that tracks and examines the performance of photovoltaic panel systems in instantaneous, offering valuable data on energy generation and system condition. It assists optimize solar energy generation by detecting issues ahead of time and ensuring maximum performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_performance_monitor |
Thin-film solar cell | Lightweight solar cells are flexible, versatile photovoltaic devices made by depositing fine layers of semiconductor materials onto substrates. They offer a cost-effective and versatile alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels, with applications in various portable and building-integrated energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell |
Solar cells | Solar cells convert solar radiation directly into electricity through the solar energy conversion process, making them a eco-friendly energy source. They are frequently used in photovoltaic modules to supply energy to homes, devices, and full solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cells |
Polycrystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon, also known as polysilicon, is a substance composed of countless tiny silicon crystal structures, typically used in solar panels and microchip production. Its manufacturing process involves melting and restructuring silicon to generate a high-purity, polycrystalline form fit for microelectronic devices. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycrystalline_silicon |
Monocrystalline silicon | Single-crystal silicon is a ultra-pure type of silicon with a uniform lattice framework, making it very effective for use in solar panels and electronics. Its homogeneous formation allows for enhanced charge movement, resulting in better efficiency compared to other silicon types. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_silicon |
Cadmium telluride photovoltaics | Cadmium telluride photovoltaics are a category of thin film solar system that provides a affordable and high-performance solution for extensive solar energy production. They are their excellent absorption capability and moderately low manufacturing expenses in comparison with traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride_photovoltaics |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cell | CuInGaSe2 solar cells are flexible photovoltaic cells that utilize a layered compound of copper, In, Ga, and Se to turn sunlight into power effectively. They are known for their excellent absorption efficiency, flexibility, and capability for lightweight, cost-effective solar power solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cell |
Amorphous silicon | Amorphous silicon is a disordered molecular configuration, making it more adaptable and easier to deposit than crystalline silicon. It is frequently used in thin-film solar cells and electronic components due to its affordability and flexible features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_silicon |
Third-generation photovoltaic cell | Next-generation photovoltaic cells aim to outperform traditional solar cell efficiencies by utilizing state-of-the-art materials and new techniques such as multi-layered stacks, quantum dots, and organic-inorganic hybrids. These technologies focus on enhancing energy conversion, lowering costs, and expanding applicability to various environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-generation_photovoltaic_cell |
Multi-junction solar cell | Multi-layered solar panels are advanced photovoltaic modules that employ multiple p-n junctions layered in unison to capture a broader range of the solar spectrum, significantly enhancing their efficiency. These are primarily applied in space missions and advanced solar power systems due to their superior energy conversion capabilities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-junction_solar_cell |
Solar panels on spacecraft | Spacecraft solar arrays are vital components that transform sunlight into electricity to power onboard systems. Generally lightweight, long-lasting, and designed to operate efficiently in the demanding space environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft |
Compound semiconductor | Compound semiconductors are substances composed of several elements, typically involving a metal and a non-metal, used in fast electronic and optoelectronic devices. They offer better performance in applications such as lasers, light-emitting diodes, and high-frequency switching devices compared to traditional silicon-based semiconductors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_semiconductor |
Gallium arsenide | Gallium arsenide is a compound semiconductor recognized for its excellent electron mobility and effectiveness in high-speed and optoelectronic applications. It is commonly used in devices such as microwave circuits, infrared LEDs, and solar cells. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_arsenide |
Concentrator photovoltaics | Concentrator photovoltaics utilize focusing elements or mirrors to direct sunlight onto highly efficient multi-layer solar cells, substantially improving energy conversion efficiency. This technique is ideal for large capacity solar power plants in regions with direct sunlight, providing a cost-effective approach for high-demand energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrator_photovoltaics |
Thin-film silicon | Thin-film silicon is a type of photovoltaic material used in solar cells, characterized by its lightweight and bendable form factor. It offers a cost-effective alternative to traditional silicon wafers, with applications in BIPV and portable energy devices. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_silicon |
CIGS solar cell | CIGS photovoltaic cell utilize a delicate coating of CuInGaSe2 as the solar semiconductor, known for high efficiency and bendability. They offer a portable, budget-friendly alternative to standard silicon solar arrays with reliable operation in various environmental conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIGS_solar_cell |
Thin-film | Thin-film refers to a very thin layer of material, often measured in nanometers or μm, used in diverse technological fields. These layers are important in electronic devices, optics, and films for their special physical and chemical properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film |
Rooftop solar PV | Roof-mounted solar PV systems harness solar energy to generate electricity directly on rooftops of buildings, providing a sustainable and economical energy solution. They help reduce reliance on fossil fuels, reduce electricity bills, and contribute to green initiatives. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_PV |
Thin film | A coating is a stratum of substance ranging from tiny nanometric scales to multiple micrometers in thickness, often placed on surfaces for functional purposes. These layers are used in diverse fields, including electronics industry, optics, and medicine, to modify surface characteristics or engineer certain device functions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film |
Nanometers | Nanometers are units of measurement equal to one-billionth of a meter, frequently used to illustrate extremely small distances at the atomic and molecular scale. They are essential in fields like nanotechnology, physics, and chemistry for gauging structures and particles at the nano level. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometers |
Micrometers | Micrometers are accurate gauges used to accurately measure tiny gaps or widths, commonly in machining and manufacturing. They feature a calibrated screw device that allows for precise readings, often down to thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometers |
Silicon wafer | A silicon disc is a thin, circular section of silicon crystal used as the foundation for fabricating semiconductor devices. It functions as the foundational material in the manufacture of integrated circuits and electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_wafer |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells | CIGS photovoltaic cells are thin-film solar modules known for their excellent performance and bendability, perfect for diverse applications. They employ a multilayer layered semiconductor setup that transforms sunlight straight into power with outstanding effectiveness in low-light settings. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cells |
Multi-crystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon is a kind of silicon used in solar cells, characterized by its several crystal grains that give it a mottled appearance. It is noted for being cost-effective and having a moderately high efficiency in turning sunlight into energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-crystalline_silicon |
Solar PV systems | Solar PV systems convert sunlight directly into power using PV cells, supplying a sustainable energy source for home, industrial, and grid applications. They offer a eco-friendly, long-lasting, and cost-effective way to decrease reliance on non-renewable energy sources and decrease CO2 emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_PV_systems |
Perovskite solar cell | Perovskite solar cells are a type of photovoltaic technology that uses perovskite-structured compounds as the light-harvesting layer, known for their high efficiency and low-cost manufacturing. These cell have rapidly advanced in performance, making them a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perovskite_solar_cell |
Dye-sensitized solar cell | A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a photovoltaic device that converts sunlight into power using a light-reactive dye to take in light and create electron flow. It offers a affordable and adaptable alternative to traditional silicon-based solar cells, with possibility for transparent and portable applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye-sensitized_solar_cell |
Quantum dot solar cell | Quantum dot photovoltaic cells utilize nanoscale semiconductor particles to enhance light capture and energy conversion through quantum confinement effects. This technology offers the potential for cost-effective, flexible, and superior solar energy harvesting solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_solar_cell |
Organic solar cell | Organic solar cells are photovoltaic units that use organic materials, to convert solar radiation into electrical power. They are lightweight, bendable, and offer the potential for more affordable, broad solar energy applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_solar_cell |
CZTS | CZTS Cu) Zinc Tin Sulfide is a potential semiconductor substance used in thin-film solar cells due to its plentiful and safe elements. Its superior optical-electronic properties make it an desirable substitute for sustainable photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CZTS |
Building integrated photovoltaics | Building integrated photovoltaics integrated solar building solutions seamlessly incorporate solar energy technology into the design of construction components, such as roof surfaces, outer walls, and fenestration. This innovative approach enhances power savings while maintaining aesthetic appeal and structural performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_integrated_photovoltaics |
Transparency and translucency | Transparency permits light to penetrate a material with minimal distortion, rendering objects behind easily seen. Translucency allows light to scatter through, obscuring detailed visibility but yet still permitting shapes and light to penetrate. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency |
Window tinting | Window film installation involves placing a transparent film to the inside or outside of automobiles or edifices windows to block glare, heat, and ultraviolet rays. It enhances privacy, increases energy efficiency, and gives a modern aesthetic to any window. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_tinting |
List of photovoltaic power stations | A list of solar power stations details various massive solar energy plants around the globe, highlighting their capacities and locations. These facilities play a vital role in renewable energy production and global efforts to reduce carbon pollution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaic_power_stations |
Photovoltaic power stations | Photovoltaic power stations are large-scale systems that transform sunlight directly into electricity using solar panels. They are crucial in sustainable power creation, lessening dependence on fossil fuels, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_stations |
Environmental issues | Eco concerns encompass a wide range of issues such as waste, climatic shifts, and forest loss that threaten the health of our planet. Addressing these problems requires collaborative action to promote eco-friendly methods and protect biodiverse environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues |
Renewable energy | Renewable energy comes from environmentally friendly sources that are constantly replenished, such as solar radiation, air currents, and water. It offers a eco-friendly alternative to traditional fuels, decreasing ecological footprint and enhancing lasting energy security. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy |
Non-renewable energy | Non-sustainable energy resources, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, are limited reserves formed over extensive periods and are exhausted when used. They are the main fuels for electricity generation and transportation but pose environmental and sustainability challenges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-renewable_energy |
Electricity generation | Electrical energy creation involves converting various energy sources such as fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and renewable resources into electrical power. This process generally happens in electricity plants where rotating machinery and generators work together to produce electricity for distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation |
Heavy metals | Heavy metals are dense, poisonous elements such as Pb, Hg, Cd, and As that pose significant health and environmental risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. They are commonly found in industrial emissions, contaminated water, and certain consumer products, requiring careful management to prevent adverse effects. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metals |
Solar-cell efficiency | Photovoltaic performance indicates how effectively a solar panel generates sunlight into usable power. Boosting this efficiency is essential for optimizing renewable energy output and decreasing reliance on fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-cell_efficiency |
Photoelectric effect | The photoelectric effect occurs when radiation shining on a metal surface ejects electrons from that surface, demonstrating the particle nature of light. This occurrence provided significant indication for the development of quantum mechanics by showing that light energy is quantified. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect |
Accelerated life testing | Rapid life testing involves placing products to elevated stresses to quickly evaluate their durability and forecast their lifespan under normal conditions. This method helps identify potential failures and improve product reliability efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_life_testing |
Growth of photovoltaics | The increase of solar panels has accelerated rapidly over the past decade, driven by innovations and cost reductions. This growth is transforming the global energy landscape by increasing the percentage of sustainable solar power in electricity generation processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_of_photovoltaics |
Utility-scale solar | Utility-scale solar refers to large solar power installations built to generate electricity on a industrial scale, delivering power directly to the grid. These projects typically cover large areas and utilize photovoltaic panels or solar heating systems to produce renewable energy efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility-scale_solar |
Lens (optics) | A lens is a transparent device that bending light to converge or separate rays, forming images. It is frequently used in equipment like photographic devices, glasses, and microscopes to control light for improved vision and imaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics) |
Angle of incidence (optics) | The incidence angle is the measure between an approaching light ray and the normal line perpendicular to the surface at the contact point. It controls how light behaves with the surface, influencing reflection and refraction behaviors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(optics) |
Anti-reflective coating | Anti-glare coating is a delicate film applied to lens surfaces to cut down on glare and increase light flow. It improves the clarity and luminosity of screens by cutting down on stray reflections. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating |
Destructive interference | Negative interference occurs when two waves meet in a manner that that their amplitudes cancel each other out, resulting in a reduction or complete elimination of the resultant waveform. This occurrence typically happens when the waves are out of phase by pi radians. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_interference |
Alternating Current | AC refers to an electric current that alternates direction, commonly employed in power supply systems. The voltage fluctuates sinusoidally as time progresses, enabling effective conveyance across extensive ranges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_Current |
Microinverter | A microinverter is a compact device used to change direct current (DC) from a individual solar module into alternating current (AC) suitable for home applications. It boosts system efficiency by enhancing power output at the panel level and streamlines installation and service. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microinverter |
AC power | AC power, or alternating current power, is electricity delivered through a network where the voltage and current regularly reverse polarity, enabling cost-effective transmission over long distances. It is generally used in homes and industries to operate different appliances and machinery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power |
DC connector | A direct current connector is a category of electrical coupling used to provide DC power from a power source to an electronic device. It typically consists of a tube-shaped plug and jack that provide a reliable and dependable link for different electronic purposes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_connector |
Underwriters Laboratories | Underwriters Labs is a global safety approval agency that evaluates and approves products to ensure they meet particular protection requirements. It assists consumers and firms recognize reliable and safe products through thorough assessment and testing procedures. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwriters_Laboratories |
Series circuits | Series-connected circuits are electronic networks in which elements are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for current flow. In this configuration, the constant electric current passes through all parts, and the sum voltage is divided among them. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_circuits |
Parallel circuits | Parallel electrical circuits are electronic circuits where elements are connected across the same voltage source, providing multiple channels for current flow. This arrangement allows components to operate separately, with the total current split among the branches. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_circuits |
Diode | An diode serves as a electronic device that allows current to flow in one way exclusively, acting as a unidirectional valve for electrical current. It is commonly used for rectification, signal demodulation, and voltage regulation in electrical networks. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode |
Automobile auxiliary power outlet | An automobile auxiliary power outlet is a connection, typically 12V, created to provide electrical energy for various devices and add-ons inside a vehicle. It allows users to power electronic electronics or operate small electronics when on the journey. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_auxiliary_power_outlet |
USB | USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a technology for connecting peripheral peripherals to PCs, facilitating data transmission and power delivery. It accommodates a variety of devices such as keypads, mice, external storage, and smartphones, with different revisions delivering higher speeds and improved features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB |
Solar cell efficiency | Solar cell efficiency is the measure of the portion of sunlight energy that a photovoltaic cell converts into generated energy. Boosting this efficiency is essential to optimizing energy production and making solar power more cost-effective and sustainable. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell_efficiency |
National Renewable Energy Laboratory | The National Renewable Energy Laboratory is a U.S. DOE federal research facility dedicated to R&D in renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies. It aims to advance innovations in solar power, wind power, bioenergy, and additional renewable sources to support a clean energy future. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Renewable_Energy_Laboratory |
Electromagnetic spectrum | The EM spectrum encompasses all types of electromagnetic waves, extending from radio waves to high-energy photons, all possessing diverse wavelengths and energies. This range is fundamental to a wide array of devices and natural phenomena, enabling communication, diagnostic imaging, and understanding of the universe. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum |
Ultraviolet | Ultraviolet light is a kind of EM radiation with a wave length shorter than visible light but longer than X ray radiation, primarily produced by the sun. It has a crucial role in including vitamin D synthesis but can also lead to skin injury and photoaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet |
Infrared | Infrared radiation is a category of electromagnetic wave with longer wavelengths than visible light, primarily emitted as heat by objects. It is widely used in remote controls, thermal imaging, and various sensing technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared |
Monochromatic | Uniform color refers to a color design based on alterations of a sole hue, using different shades, tints, and tones to create cohesion and connexion. This layout approach emphasizes simplicity and sophistication by maintaining consistent color elements throughout a design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic |
Irradiance | Irradiance refers to the intensity of electromagnetic radiation per square unit incident on a surface, usually measured in watts/m². It is a crucial parameter in areas like solar energy, climate science, and photobiology, showing the intensity of sunlight reaching a given area. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance |
W/m2 | W/m2 is a measurement unit used to quantify the intensity of radiation or power received or emitted over a specific area, frequently in areas such as meteorology, astronomy, and engineering. It assists with understanding the spread and transfer of energy across areas, such as solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W/m2 |
Spectrum | Spectrum refers to the span of different hues or wavebands of electromagnetic radiation, visible or otherwise. It is frequently used to illustrate the dispersion of light or signal bandwidths in different scientific and technological contexts. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum |
Airmass | An airmass is a substantial mass of air's with fairly even temp and moisture characteristics, deriving from from specific starting zones. These airmass influence weather systems and sky conditions as they travel over different regions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airmass |
Solar irradiance | Solar power is the quantification of the energy per unit area received from the solar source in the manner of light. It varies with solar phenomena and Earth's atmospheric conditions, influencing weather patterns and meteorological phenomena. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance |
Soiling (solar energy) | Contamination in solar power refers to the accumulation of dust, and foreign matter on the surface of solar panels, which diminishes their efficiency. Regular cleaning and servicing are necessary to limit energy waste and ensure maximum operation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soiling_(solar_energy) |
Open-circuit voltage | Open-circuit voltage is the maximum voltage available from a power source when current flow is absent, spanning its terminals. It shows the potential difference of a device when it is unplugged from any load. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-circuit_voltage |
Short-circuit current | Short-circuit current represents the peak electrical current that travels through a circuit when a low-resistance connection, or short circuit, occurs, bypassing the normal load. It creates a considerable safety hazard and can result in damage to electrical components if not properly controlled. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-circuit_current |
Watt-peak | Watt-peak (W_peak) is a indicator of the highest power output of a solar array under optimal sunlight conditions. It reflects the array's peak ability to generate electricity in conventional testing conditions . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt-peak |
Voltmeter | A electrical potential meter is an electrical instrument used to measure the potential difference between separate points in a circuit. It is frequently utilized in different electrical and electronic fields to ensure proper voltage measurements | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltmeter |
Potential-induced degradation | Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a problem in photovoltaic modules where elevated voltage stress causes a notable reduction in energy production and performance. It occurs due to leakage currents and ion movement within the solar cell materials, leading to performance deterioration over time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential-induced_degradation |
Boron | Boron is considered a metalloid chemical element crucial for plant growth and applied in various industrial applications, such as glassmaking and semiconductor manufacturing. It possesses distinctive chemical traits that cause it useful in producing long-lasting, heat-resistant materials. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron |
Photovoltaic mounting system | A photovoltaic mounting system securely supports solar panels, ensuring perfect tilt and alignment for best sunlight exposure. It is designed to withstand weather conditions while providing a stable and durable foundation for solar energy installations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_mounting_system |
Solar power plant | A sun-powered power plant collects sunlight using large groups of photovoltaic solar panels to produce renewable electricity. It supplies an green energy source, cutting down reliance on fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_plant |
Agrivoltaics | Agrivoltaics is the consolidated practice of using land for both solar power production and cultivation, optimizing space and resources. This approach improves crop production while concurrently creating renewable energy, encouraging sustainable land use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrivoltaics |
Bifacial solar cells | Bifacial solar panels are solar energy devices able to absorb sunlight from both their front and rear surfaces, enhancing overall energy generation. They are commonly positioned in a way that improves effectiveness by taking advantage of albedo effect and reflected rays from the environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifacial_solar_cells |
Solar canopy | A sun-powered canopy is a installation that provides cover while producing electricity through integrated solar panels. It is often installed in parking lots, walkways, or open spaces to merge environmental benefits with functional design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_canopy |
Solar array | A solar panel setup is a collection of several photovoltaic modules arranged to create electricity from sunlight. It is frequently used in sustainable power systems to produce environmentally friendly, renewable power for multiple applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_array |
Patio cover | A patio shield is a structure that delivers shade and protection from the elements for outdoor living spaces. It enhances the practicality and visual charm of a patio, making it a cozy area for leisure and socializing. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio_cover |
Zenith angle | The angle measured from directly overhead is the angle between the upright line directly overhead and the line of sight to a astronomical body. It is used in astronomy and meteorology to describe the position of celestial entities in the sky relative to an observer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith_angle |
Azimuth angle | The horizontal bearing is a azimuth measured clockwise from a reference heading, typically true north, to the line connecting an surveyor to a point of interest. It is commonly used in routing, land measurement, and celestial observation to define the orientation of an celestial body with respect to the observer's position. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth_angle |
Occupational hazards of solar panel installation | Setting up solar panels exposes workers to risks such as fall hazards and electrical shocks, requiring proper safety measures. Additionally, exposure to severe weather and potential muscle strains pose significant Occupational hazards of solar panel installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hazards_of_solar_panel_installation |
Cadmium telluride | CdTe is a electronic material commonly employed in thin-film solar panels due to its high efficiency and affordability. It exhibits excellent optical characteristics, making it a common choice for photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride |
List of photovoltaics companies | A catalog of photovoltaics companies showcases the leading manufacturers and suppliers specializing in solar panel technology and renewable energy solutions across the globe. These companies play a crucial role in advancing solar energy adoption and innovation across different markets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaics_companies |
Gigawatt | A gigawatt is a quantity of electricity equal to a billion watt, used to assess massive energy production and usage. It is typically associated with electricity stations, national grids, and large-scale energy initiatives worldwide. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigawatt |
First Solar | The company First Solar is a worldwide leader in solar energy solutions, expert in manufacturing thin film-based solar cells that deliver excellent efficiency and low-cost power generation. The firm is committed to eco-friendly renewable energy advancement and decreasing the world's reliance on fossil fuels through cutting-edge solar solar innovations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Solar |
GCL System Integration Technology | GCL System Integration Technology focuses in seamlessly connecting various components of factory and automation systems to boost productivity and reliability. It aims on building cutting-edge solutions that facilitate smooth communication and cooperation among diverse technological platforms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCL_System_Integration_Technology |
Shunfeng Photovoltaic | Shunfeng Photovoltaic is an top Chinese-based firm expert in manufacturing and innovating photovoltaic photovoltaic items and systems. Renowned for state-of-the-art tech and eco-friendly energy programs in the renewables industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunfeng_Photovoltaic |
GigaWatt | GigaWatt is a unit of energy equal to one billion watts, often employed to describe the potential of massive power generation or usage. It highlights the vast power extent involved in current energy infrastructure and tech. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GigaWatt |
Experience curve effects | Learning curve effects refer to the concept where the cost per unit of production reduces as cumulative output rises, due to learning and improvements gained over time. This effect highlights the significance of accumulated experience in cutting expenses and enhancing efficiency in production and other processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects |
Photovoltaics | Solar energy convert sunlight directly into electricity using semiconductor substances, primarily silicon. This technology is a pure, green energy source that assists lessen reliance on fossil fuels and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics |
Grid parity | Grid parity occurs when the price of generating solar or wind energy becomes equivalent to or less than the expense of buying power from the power grid. Achieving Grid parity means that sustainable energy sources are financially competitive with traditional fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_parity |
Mains electricity | Mains electricity is the main electrical power supplied to houses and companies through a system of power lines, offering a dependable source of energy for various appliances. It generally operates at a voltage of around 120V or 230V, based on the country, and is delivered through AC power. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity |
Balance of system | Balance of system (BOS) pertains to all elements of a solar power system except the photovoltaic panels, comprising inverters, racking, wiring, and other electrical hardware. It is essential for securing the effective and dependable operation of a solar energy installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_system |
Solar energy | Sunlight is absorbed from the solar radiation using PV panels to produce electricity or through solar thermal systems to produce heat. It is a sustainable, sustainable, and environmentally friendly energy source that limits the use of fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy |
Applications of photovoltaics | Photovoltaics are widely utilized in residential, corporate, and industrial sites to produce renewable, eco-friendly electricity from sunlight. They also drive remote and off-grid locations, providing renewable energy solutions where traditional power grids are not accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_photovoltaics |
List of solar-powered products | A collection of sun-powered items features a selection of tools that utilize sunlight to produce energy, encouraging green and eco-conscious living. These items include ranging from solar chargers and lights to appliances and outdoor equipment, delivering multi-purpose solutions for power needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar-powered_products |
Photovoltaic power station | An solar power plant is a installation that generates sunlight immediately into electricity using solar panels. It is a green energy source that helps reduce reliance on fossil fuels and limits greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station |
Solar hybrid power systems | Solar hybrid power systems merge solar panels with additional energy sources, such as wind or diesel generators, to provide a reliable and efficient power supply. They maximize energy use by managing renewable resources and backup options, cutting reliance on fossil fuels and reducing overall emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_hybrid_power_systems |
Concentrated photovoltaics | Concentrated photovoltaics use lenses and reflectors to focus solar radiation on high-performance photovoltaic cells, greatly boosting energy capture from a smaller area. This method is highly suitable in areas with intense, direct sunlight and offers an innovative way to cut expenses related to solar energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_photovoltaics |