Solar panel | Solar array serve as devices that change sunlight to electricity using solar cells. They serve as an green and sustainable energy source, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel |
Solar thermal collector | A solar thermal collector is a device that captures sunlight to convert heat, generally used for water heating or space heating applications. It successfully converts solar energy into thermal energy, decreasing reliance on traditional energy sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_collector |
Solar thermal energy | Solar heat harnesses solar radiation to generate warmth, which can be used for hot water production, indoor heating, or power generation. It is a renewable and sustainable technology that reduces fossil fuel consumption and lowers greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_energy |
Worthing | Worthing is a beautiful seaside town in West Sussex County, England, known for its historic pier and vibrant promenade. It offers a charming blend of sandy beaches, cultural attractions, and outdoor activities perfect for visitors and residents alike. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthing |
England | The country of England is a historic and historic-influenced country in the United Kingdom known for its abundant cultural legacy, famous sights, and bustling urban areas like the capital. It boasts a diverse terrain of gentle slopes, ancient castles, and busy metropolitan areas that blend tradition with modern innovation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England |
Sunlight | Sunlight is the environmental illumination emitted by the sun, vital for life on Earth as it supplies power for photosynthesis and affects climate and weather patterns. It also contributes to our well-being by controlling our circadian rhythms and boosting vitamin D production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight |
Electricity | Electricity is a type of power generated by the movement of charged particles, primarily negatively charged particles. It fuels countless systems and networks, supporting today’s lifestyle and technological progress. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity |
Photovoltaic | Solar technology converts sunlight directly into electricity using solar panels composed of semi-conductor materials. It is a renewable power source that reduces reliance on non-renewable fuels and helps mitigate ecological footprint. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic |
Electrons | Electrons are tiny particles with a opposite electric charge that circulate around the nucleus of an atom, important for in chemical reactions and electricity. Their behavior and interactions influence the electrical conductivity and chemical properties of elements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons |
Direct current | Direct current is the unidirectional flow of electric charge, usually produced by batteries, electrical sources, and solar cells. It provides a constant voltage or current, causing it crucial for electronic devices and low-voltage applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current |
Battery (electricity) | A power source is a instrument that holds chemical energy and changes it into electrical energy to run various electronic gadgets. It consists of one or more galvanic units, each housing positive and negative electrodes separated by an ionic solution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity) |
Photovoltaic system | A photovoltaic system converts solar radiation immediately into power using photovoltaic panels made of semiconductor cells. It is an eco-friendly power solution that reduces reliance on fossil fuels and supports sustainable power generation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system |
Solar inverter | A solar inverter is a instrument that transforms direct current (DC) generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC) fit for domestic use and grid integration. It is vital for optimizing energy use and guaranteeing reliable, consistent electricity delivery from solar energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_inverter |
Alternating current | Alternating current is an electric current that flips direction periodically, typically used in home and business power supplies. It permits optimal transmission of electricity over long distances and is characterized by its voltage and current waveforms, commonly sinusoidal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current |
Charge controller | A charge controller is a device that regulates the voltage level and current coming from a solar panel to prevent batteries from excess charging and damage. It provides optimal energy flow and extends the lifespan of the battery array. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_controller |
Measuring instrument | A measurement device is a device used to measure the extent, volume, or degree of something accurately. It includes gadgets like meters, thermometers, and manometers that provide exact readings for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measuring_instrument |
Solar tracker | An solar tracker is a device that automatically the orientation of solar panels to follow the sun's movement throughout the day, increasing energy absorption. This system enhances the efficiency of solar power systems by ensuring best sun exposure. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracker |
Solar farms | Solar farms are massive facilities that harness sunlight to produce electricity using a multitude of solar panels. They supply a green and renewable energy power, cutting down reliance on fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_farms |
Rooftop solar power | Solar power from rooftops involves installing photovoltaic solar panels on roofs of buildings to produce electricity from sunlight. This green energy source helps reduce reliance on non-renewable fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_power |
Grid-connected photovoltaic system | An grid-connected photovoltaic system changes sunlight into electricity and feeds excess power directly into the utility grid, providing a sustainable energy solution. It improves energy efficiency and cuts down reliance on fossil fuels while enabling users to benefit from potential energy credits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid-connected_photovoltaic_system |
Greenhouse gas emissions | Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the release of gases such as carbon dioxide, CH4, and N2O into the atmosphere, primarily from human activities like burning fossil fuels and tree clearing. These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to global warming and climate change. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions |
Solar power satellite | A solar satellite is an artificial satellite equipped with photovoltaic panels that gather solar radiation and transform into electrical energy. This energy is then sent wirelessly to Earth for use as a clean, renewable power source. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_satellite |
Home energy storage | Home power storage systems store excess electricity generated from renewable energy or the grid for future use, enhancing energy self-sufficiency and efficiency. These systems generally use batteries to offer backup energy, reduce energy costs, and support grid reliability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage |
Timeline of solar cells | The timeline of photovoltaic cells documents the progress and advancements in solar energy technology from the beginning discovery of the photovoltaic effect to current high-efficiency photovoltaic modules. It showcases key breakthroughs, including the development of the initial silicon solar cell in 1954 and persistent innovations that have substantially enhanced energy conversion and cost efficiency. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_solar_cells |
Edmond Becquerel | Becquerel was a Gallic physicist by profession famous for his pioneering work in the study of the photoelectric effect and luminescent phenomena. His tests laid the foundation for understanding how light interacts with certain media to generate electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Becquerel |
Willoughby Smith | Willoughby Smith was a UK electrician and scientist known for finding out the photo-conductive property of Se in 1873. His work laid the foundation for the creation of the photo-sensitive device and progress in early photographic and electronic technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willoughby_Smith |
Selenium | Selenium is an free platform used for automated testing of web browsers, enabling testers to simulate user interactions and verify web application functionalities. It supports multiple programming languages and web browsers, making it a versatile tool for test automation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium |
William Grylls Adams | William Grylls Adams was a British physicist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of light and optical science, particularly the discovery of the polarization effect of light reflected from transparent materials. His research significantly contributed to the understanding of electromagnetic waves and the development of optics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Grylls_Adams |
Charles Fritts | Charles Fritts was indeed an US creator who created the earliest working selenium solar cell in 1883. His groundbreaking work laid the groundwork for the contemporary photovoltaic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fritts |
Coal-fired power plant | An coal-powered power plant generates electricity by burning coal to produce steam that rotates turbines connected to generators. This process releases considerable amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal-fired_power_plant |
Russell Ohl | Russell Ohl was an American scientist credited with identifying the solar cell and improving the understanding of semiconductor materials. His work laid the foundation for modern solar energy technology and the development of silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Ohl |
Bell Labs | Bell Laboratories is a prestigious research and development entity long-standing associated with AT&T, known for leading innovations in telecommunications, computer science, and materials science. It has been the source of countless groundbreaking inventions, including the semiconductor device and the laser technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs |
Silicon | Silicon is a chemical with the symbol Si and 14, well known for its essential role in the production of electronics and solar cells. It is a tough, breakable crystal substance with a steel-gray shine, mainly utilized as a semiconductor in the electronic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon |
Micro-inverter | A compact inverter is a small component installed on each solar module to convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) at the location. This technology enhances system performance, allows for better performance monitoring, and increases power output in solar energy setups. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-inverter |
Solar cell | A photovoltaic cell is a device that turns sunlight directly into electricity through the solar energy process. It is frequently used in photovoltaic systems to supply a sustainable and renewable energy power. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell |
PV system | A PV (photovoltaic) system converts over sunlight directly into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is a green energy technology that provides eco-friendly power for residential, commercial, and utility-scale applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PV_system |
Photon | A photon is a elementary particle that represents a unit of light and other electromagnetic radiation, carrying energy and momentum without having rest mass. It serves a crucial role in the relations between matter and electromagnetic fields, enabling phenomena including reflection, refraction, and quantum communication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon |
Photovoltaic effect | The solar photoelectric effect is the mechanism by which certain materials convert sunlight straight into electricity through the creation of charge carriers. This effect is the core concept behind solar panel systems, allowing the utilization of solar sunlight for power generation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_effect |
Wafer (electronics) | A wafer in electrical engineering is a thin slice of semiconductor material, usually silicon, used as the substrate for manufacturing integrated circuits. It functions as the primary platform where microchips are built through methods like doping, etching, and layering. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics) |
Crystalline silicon | Crystalline silicon is a highly pure form of silicon used primarily in the manufacturing of photovoltaic cells and electronic devices due to its superb semiconductor properties. Its regular, systematic crystal lattice enables efficient electrical conductivity and energy conversion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon |
Thin film solar cell | Flexible solar cells are a type of solar energy technology characterized by their light, pliable configuration, and ability to be produced on large surfaces at a lower cost. They use layers of semiconductor materials only a few micrometers thick to effectively turn sunlight into electrical energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film_solar_cell |
Dead and live loads | Dead loads refer to the static forces exerted by the mass of construction parts and stationary equipment, while live loads are temporary forces such as occupants, furnishings, and environmental factors. Both are essential considerations in building planning to ensure safety and stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_and_live_loads |
Series and parallel circuits | Series circuits link components in a line, so the identical current passes through all devices, while parallel circuits join components across the same voltage source, permitting various paths for current. These configurations influence the circuit's overall resistance, current spread, and voltage drops. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_and_parallel_circuits |
Electric power | Electric power is the speed at which electrical energy is conveyed by an electric circuit, primarily used to operate devices and appliances. Created through multiple sources such as fossil fuels, atomic energy, and sustainable sources, and crucial for modern life. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power |
Watt | A unit of power is a standard of power in the International System of Units, showing the rate of energy transfer or transformation. It is equivalent to one unit of energy per second. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt |
Voltage | Voltage is the electronic potential difference between two points, which pushes the stream of electronic current in a circuit. It is measured in V and indicates the work per single charge ready to transport electrons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage |
Volt | A electromotive force is the derived unit of electric potential, potential difference, and EMF in the SI system. It measures the electric energy per charge unit between two points in an electrical circuit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt |
Electric current | Electric current is the flow of electric charge through a metal wire, typically measured in amps. It is essential for powering electronic devices and enabling the functioning of electronic circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current |
Ampere | Ampere is the measure of electrical flow in the SI units, represented by A. It quantifies the flow of electric charge through a conductor over a time span. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere |
Electrical load | Electrical load refers to the quantity of electrical power or current demanded by devices and Electrical load in a circuit. It affects the design and capacity of power systems to maintain reliable and cost-effective energy distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_load |
Junction box | A junction box is an electrical casing used to safely house wire connections, providing a main hub for wiring in electrical systems. It ensures organized and reliable connections, preventing electrical hazards and facilitating maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junction_box |
MC4 connector | The MC4 connector is a conventional photovoltaic connector used to link solar panels in a secure and dependable manner. It features a snap-in design with waterproof sealing, ensuring durability and efficient electrical connection in outdoor solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MC4_connector |
USB power | USB power provides a easy and standardized method of providing electrical energy to devices through universal ports. It is commonly used for charging and energizing a broad range of electronic gadgets, from smartphones to peripherals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_power |
Power inverter | A power inverter is a instrument that changes direct current (DC) from inputs like cells or solar arrays into AC suitable for domestic gadgets. It enables the application of common electrical appliances in settings where only DC energy is present. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverter |
Battery pack | A battery pack serves as a collection of several individual batteries assembled to store and supply electrical energy for various devices. It provides portable power solutions for electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_pack |
Solar tracking | Solar tracking systems automatically regulate the angle of solar panels to follow the sun’s path throughout the day, optimizing power intake. This innovation boosts the effectiveness of photovoltaic energy harvesting by keeping best solar array alignment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracking |
Maximum power point tracking | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a technique used to enhance the power output of solar energy systems by constantly tuning the performance point to correspond to the peak power point of the solar cells. This process guarantees the most efficient energy harvesting, especially under varying environmental conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking |
Power optimizer | An power optimizer serves as a device used in solar energy systems to optimize energy output by separately optimizing the performance of each solar panel. It enhances overall system efficiency by minimizing energy loss caused by shading, dirt, or panel mismatch. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_optimizer |
Solar performance monitor | A solar power performance monitor is a tool that tracks and evaluates the efficiency of solar power systems in live, providing valuable data on energy generation and system status. It assists optimize solar power output by identifying issues promptly and guaranteeing highest efficiency. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_performance_monitor |
Thin-film solar cell | Lightweight solar cells are thin, adaptable photovoltaic devices made by depositing thin layers of semiconductor materials onto substrates. They offer a economical and multi-functional alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels, with applications in various portable and building-integrated energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell |
Solar cells | Solar cells convert sun rays directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect, making them a eco-friendly energy source. They are typically used in solar panels to generate electricity for homes, appliances, and complete solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cells |
Polycrystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon, also known as polysilicon, is a material composed of numerous minute silicon crystals, typically used in solar panels and semiconductor manufacturing. Its manufacturing process involves melting and recrystallizing silicon to create a pure, polycrystalline type fit for electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycrystalline_silicon |
Monocrystalline silicon | Single-crystal silicon is a ultra-pure form of silicon with a uniform lattice framework, making it extremely capable for use in photovoltaic modules and electronics. Its consistent structure allows for better electron transfer, resulting in higher functionality compared to other silicon types. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_silicon |
Cadmium telluride photovoltaics | CdTe photovoltaics represent a type of thin-film solar system that provides a cost-effective and effective alternative for massive solar energy generation. They are their great absorption efficiency and moderately affordable manufacturing costs compared to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride_photovoltaics |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cell | CIGS photovoltaic devices are thin-film solar cells that utilize a layered material of copper, indium, gallium, and Se to transform sunlight into electricity effectively. They are known for their great light capturing effectiveness, bendability, and potential for portable, cost-effective solar power solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cell |
Amorphous silicon | Amorphous form of silicon is a disordered molecular arrangement, making it more flexible and easier to deposit than ordered silicon. It is frequently used in thin-film solar cells and electronic systems due to its economic advantage and versatile characteristics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_silicon |
Third-generation photovoltaic cell | Third-generation photovoltaic cells aim to surpass traditional solar cell efficiencies by utilizing advanced materials and innovative techniques such as multi-layered stacks, quantum dots, and organic-inorganic hybrids. These technologies focus on maximizing energy conversion, cutting costs, and broadening applicability to various environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-generation_photovoltaic_cell |
Multi-junction solar cell | Multi-junction solar cells are cutting-edge photovoltaic devices that employ various p-n connections arranged in unison to collect a wider spectrum of the solar spectrum, greatly enhancing their efficiency. They are mostly employed in space missions and high-efficiency solar power installations due to their superior energy conversion capabilities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-junction_solar_cell |
Solar panels on spacecraft | Solar panels on spacecraft serve as crucial elements that transform sunlight into electric power to operate onboard systems. They are typically lightweight, long-lasting, and designed to operate efficiently in the demanding space environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft |
Compound semiconductor | Compound semiconductors are substances composed of two or more elements, typically involving a metallic element and a non-metallic component, used in high-frequency electronic and optoelectronic devices. They offer enhanced performance in applications such as laser devices, LEDs, and high-frequency switching devices compared to traditional silicon-based semiconductors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_semiconductor |
Gallium arsenide | GaAs is a compound-based semiconductor famous for its great electron mobility and effectiveness in high-speed and optoelectronic applications. It is frequently used in devices such as microwave circuits, infrared LEDs, and solar cells. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_arsenide |
Concentrator photovoltaics | CPV use focusing elements or reflectors to direct sunlight onto superior efficiency multi-band solar cells, substantially improving energy transformation efficiency. This approach is perfect for massive solar power plants in areas with sunny sunlight, offering a cost-effective solution for high-demand energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrator_photovoltaics |
Thin-film silicon | Lightweight silicon is a type of photovoltaic material used in solar cells, characterized by its slim and flexible form factor. It offers a affordable alternative to traditional silicon wafers, with applications in building-integrated photovoltaics and portable power sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_silicon |
CIGS solar cell | CIGS photovoltaic cell utilize a thin film of CuInGaSe2 as the photovoltaic material, known for superior performance and flexibility. They offer a portable, economical alternative to standard silicon solar arrays with great output in different weather scenarios. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIGS_solar_cell |
Thin-film | Thin-film describes a slender layer of material, often measured in nm or micrometers, used in various technological fields. These layers are important in electronic devices, optics, and coverings for their distinctive physical and chemical properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film |
Rooftop solar PV | Roof-mounted solar PV systems harness sunlight to generate electricity directly on building rooftops, providing a sustainable and affordable energy solution. They help cut down dependence on fossil fuels, lower electricity bills, and contribute to eco-preservation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_PV |
Thin film | A coating is a layer of material ranging from a few nanometers to multiple micrometers in thickness, often applied to surfaces for functional applications. These coatings are used in diverse fields, including electronics industry, light manipulation, and healthcare, to alter surface properties or engineer certain device functions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film |
Nanometers | Nano units are measurement equal to one-billionth of a meter, often utilized to illustrate minuscule distances at the atomic and molecular scale. They are essential in fields like nanotechnology, physics, and chemistry for determining structures and particles at the nano dimension. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometers |
Micrometers | Calipers are precision measuring instruments used to accurately measure tiny gaps or widths, generally in mechanical engineering and production. They feature a adjusted screw device that allows for accurate readings, often down to thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometers |
Silicon wafer | A silicon wafer is a slender, disk-shaped slice of silicon crystal used as the base for producing semiconductor devices. It acts as the core material in the production of integrated circuits and electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_wafer |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells | Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells are thin-film solar modules famous for their superior output and bendability, making them suitable for diverse applications. They utilize a multilayer semiconductor architecture that transforms sunlight immediately into electrical energy with excellent efficiency in low-light conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cells |
Multi-crystalline silicon | Multi-crystalline silicon is a form of silicon used in photovoltaic panels, characterized by its several crystal grains that give it a mottled appearance. It is noted for being affordable and having a moderately high efficiency in transforming sunlight into power. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-crystalline_silicon |
Solar PV systems | Photovoltaic systems convert sun rays directly into electricity using photovoltaic cells, supplying a green energy source for home, business, and large-scale applications. They offer a environmentally friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective way to decrease reliance on non-renewable energy sources and reduce CO2 emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_PV_systems |
Perovskite solar cell | Perovskite solar cells are a type of photovoltaic technology that uses perovskite-structured compounds as the light-harvesting layer, known for their high efficiency and low-cost manufacturing. These cell have rapidly advanced in performance, making them a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perovskite_solar_cell |
Dye-sensitized solar cell | A photo-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a photovoltaic device that converts sunlight into electricity using a photosensitive dye to absorb light and generate electron flow. It offers a cost-effective and flexible alternative to conventional silicon-based solar cells, with possibility for clear and thin applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye-sensitized_solar_cell |
Quantum dot solar cell | Quantum dot solar cell cells utilize nanoscale semiconductor particles to enhance light absorption and energy conversion through quantum confinement effects. This approach offers the potential for cost-effective, bendable, and highly efficient solar energy harvesting solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_solar_cell |
Organic solar cell | Organic solar cells are photovoltaic units that use organic materials, to turn solar radiation into electrical power. They are lightweight, bendable, and provide cost-effective, large-area solar power. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_solar_cell |
CZTS | CZTS Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide is a promising photovoltaic substance used in layer solar cells due to its plentiful and safe elements. Its excellent optoelectronic properties make it an desirable option for sustainable photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CZTS |
Building integrated photovoltaics | Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) seamlessly incorporate photovoltaic technology into the design of building materials, such as roof surfaces, outer walls, and fenestration. This innovative approach enhances energy performance while maintaining visual attractiveness and structural performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_integrated_photovoltaics |
Transparency and translucency | Transparency allows light to pass through a material with little distortion, making objects behind clearly visible. Translucency permits light to scatter through, hiding detailed view but still allowing shapes and light to transmit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency |
Window tinting | Window tinting involves applying a transparent film to the interior or exterior of automobiles or edifices windows to block glare, heat, and ultraviolet rays. It boosts privacy, enhances energy efficiency, and provides a stylish aesthetic to any window. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_tinting |
List of photovoltaic power stations | A collection of PV power stations details various massive solar energy installations around the planet, highlighting their output and locations. These stations function a crucial role in renewable energy generation and international efforts to reduce carbon releases. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaic_power_stations |
Photovoltaic power stations | Photovoltaic power stations are large-scale facilities that turn sunlight straight into electricity using solar panels. They play a vital role in clean energy production, reducing reliance on fossil fuels, and cutting emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_stations |
Environmental issues | Environmental challenges encompass a wide range of issues such as pollution, climatic shifts, and forest loss that threaten the health of our planet. Addressing these problems requires collaborative action to promote green approaches and protect wild habitats. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues |
Renewable energy | Sustainable power comes from eco-friendly origins that are constantly replenished, such as the sun, wind, and water. It offers a sustainable alternative to non-renewable energy sources, reducing environmental harm and promoting lasting energy security. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy |
Non-renewable energy | Non-renewable energy sources, such as bituminous coal, oil, and fossil gas, are non-replenishable supplies formed over extensive periods and are exhausted when used. They are the main fuels for electricity generation and transportation but pose ecological and environmental and sustainability challenges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-renewable_energy |
Electricity generation | Power production involves converting various energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas, nuclear power, and sustainable resources into electrical power. This process generally happens in power stations where turbines and generators work together to produce electric current for grid delivery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation |
Heavy metals | Heavy metals are dense, poisonous elements such as lead, mercury, Cd, and arsenide that pose significant health and environmental risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. They are commonly found in industrial emissions, contaminated water, and certain consumer products, requiring careful management to prevent adverse effects. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metals |
Solar-cell efficiency | Solar-cell efficiency indicates how efficiently a photovoltaic device transforms sunlight into usable electrical energy. Boosting this efficiency is crucial for optimizing renewable energy output and reducing reliance on coal and oil. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-cell_efficiency |
Photoelectric effect | The photoelectric phenomenon occurs when light shining on a metal surface ejects electrons from that surface, demonstrating the particle-like behavior of light. This phenomenon provided critical proof for the development of quantum theory by showing that photon energy is quantized. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect |
Accelerated life testing | Rapid life testing involves placing products to higher-than-normal stresses to rapidly assess their durability and forecast their lifespan under normal conditions. This method helps detect potential failures and improve product reliability efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_life_testing |
Growth of photovoltaics | The growth of solar energy systems has accelerated rapidly over the past decade, driven by innovations and decreasing costs. This growth is revolutionizing the international energy scene by increasing the portion of clean solar power in power production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_of_photovoltaics |
Utility-scale solar | Utility-scale solar pertains to large solar power plants intended to generate electricity on a business scale, supplying power directly to the grid. These sites typically cover vast areas and utilize solar panels or solar heating systems to produce renewable energy effectively. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility-scale_solar |
Lens (optics) | A optic is a transparent component that bending light to bring together or separate rays, producing images. It is commonly used in equipment like camera units, glasses, and microscopes to manipulate light for improved vision and imaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics) |
Angle of incidence (optics) | The angle of incidence is the measure between an incoming light ray and the normal line orthogonal to the surface at the contact point. It controls how light interacts with the surface, affecting reflection and refraction behaviors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(optics) |
Anti-reflective coating | Anti-reflective coating is a thin layer applied to vision surfaces to reduce glare and enhance light passage. It enhances the crispness and luminosity of optical devices by cutting down on stray reflections. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating |
Destructive interference | Canceling interference occurs when a couple of waves meet in a manner that that their wave heights cancel each other out, causing a diminution or total eradication of the resultant wave. This occurrence typically happens when the waveforms are phase-shifted by pi radians. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_interference |
Alternating Current | AC refers to a type of electrical flow that changes polarity, mainly utilized in electrical distribution networks. The voltage fluctuates following a sine wave as time progresses, allowing effective conveyance across extensive ranges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_Current |
Microinverter | A microinverter is a tiny component used to transform DC from a single solar module into AC suitable for household use. It enhances system efficiency by optimizing power output at the panel level and simplifies installation and service. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microinverter |
AC power | AC electrical energy, or alternating current power, is electricity delivered through a setup where the voltage level and current regularly reverse direction, enabling cost-effective transmission over vast spans. It is commonly used in residences and industries to operate different appliances and machinery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power |
DC connector | A DC plug is a type of electrical plug used to deliver DC energy from a power supply to an electronic device. It generally consists of a cylindrical plug and socket that ensure a reliable and consistent attachment for various electronic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_connector |
Underwriters Laboratories | Underwriters Laboratories is a worldwide security validation organization that assesses and endorses products to confirm they comply with specific safety norms. It helps consumers and companies recognize trustworthy and secure products through thorough review and testing procedures. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwriters_Laboratories |
Series circuits | Serial circuits are electrical circuits in which parts are connected end-to-end, forming a one path for current. In this setup, the constant current passes through all elements, and the total voltage is divided among them. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_circuits |
Parallel circuits | Parallel electrical circuits are electronic circuits where elements are connected between the same voltage source, giving multiple paths for current flow. This setup allows devices to operate autonomously, with the total current divided among the branches. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_circuits |
Diode | An diode is a solid-state device that allows current to pass in one sense only, functioning as a one-way valve for electrical current. It is used for rectification, signal demodulation, and voltage regulation in circuit systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode |
Automobile auxiliary power outlet | An car auxiliary power outlet is a connection, typically 12V, intended to provide electrical power for various devices and add-ons inside of a car. It permits users to recharge electronic gadgets or operate small appliances while on the move. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_auxiliary_power_outlet |
USB | USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a standard for connecting hardware to computers, allowing data transfer and power supply. It accommodates a broad spectrum of hardware such as input devices, pointer devices, external storage, and mobile phones, with different revisions providing higher speeds and upgraded features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB |
Solar cell efficiency | Solar cell efficiency is the measure of the portion of sunlight energy that a photovoltaic cell transforms into usable energy. Boosting this efficiency plays a key role in increasing energy output and making solar power more cost-effective and eco-friendly. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell_efficiency |
National Renewable Energy Laboratory | The NREL is a U.S. DOE federal research facility dedicated to R&D in renewable energy and energy conservation technologies. It aims to advance breakthroughs in solar power, wind, biomass energy, and other sustainable energy sources to promote a clean energy future. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Renewable_Energy_Laboratory |
Electromagnetic spectrum | The EM spectrum encompasses every kind of EM radiation, extending from radio waves to high-energy photons, featuring diverse wavelengths and energy levels. This band is fundamental to numerous technological applications and natural events, allowing signal transmission, healthcare imaging, and insight into the cosmos. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum |
Ultraviolet | UV light is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wave length shorter than the visible spectrum but longer than X ray radiation, primarily produced by the solar radiation. It serves a key role in including vitamin D production but can also cause skin harm and skin aging caused by light. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet |
Infrared | Infrared radiation is a type of electromagnetic wave with greater wavelengths than visible light, primarily emitted as heat by objects. It is widely used in remote controls, thermal imaging, and various sensing technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared |
Monochromatic | Single-hued refers to a color design based on shades of a sole hue, using various shades, tints, and tones to create cohesion and connexion. This design approach emphasizes simplicity and elegance by maintaining steady color elements throughout a layout. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic |
Irradiance | Radiance refers to the strength of electromagnetic radiation per square unit incident on a surface, usually measured in watts/m². It is a key parameter in areas like solar energy, climate science, and photobiology, indicating the strength of sunlight reaching a given area. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance |
W/m2 | watts per square meter is a measurement unit used to measure the intensity of radiation or energy flow received or emitted over a specific surface, often in areas such as meteorology, astronomy, and engineering. It helps in grasping the distribution and conveyance of power across areas, such as solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W/m2 |
Spectrum | Spectrum refers to the range of diverse colors or wavebands of electromagnetic radiation, perceptible or alternatively. It is often used to describe the spread of light or signal frequencies in various scientific and technological contexts. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum |
Airmass | An airmass is a large volume of air's with fairly consistent thermal and moisture characteristics, originating from specific origin regions. These air masses affect weather patterns and atmospheric conditions as they pass through various zones. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airmass |
Solar irradiance | Solar irradiance is the assessment of the power per square meter received from the solar source in the form of electromagnetic radiation. It varies with solar cycles and Earth's atmospheric conditions, influencing global climate and meteorological phenomena. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance |
Soiling (solar energy) | Dirt buildup in solar energy refers to the collection of debris, and foreign matter on the surface of photovoltaic modules, which reduces their performance. Consistent upkeep and maintenance are important to limit energy loss and guarantee optimal efficiency. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soiling_(solar_energy) |
Open-circuit voltage | Open-circuit voltage refers to the maximum voltage accessible from a power source when there is no current, spanning its terminals. It shows the potential difference of a device when it has been disconnected from any load. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-circuit_voltage |
Short-circuit current | Short-circuit current is the highest electrical current that passes through a circuit when a short connection, or short circuit, takes place, going around the normal load. It poses a significant safety hazard and can cause damage to electrical components if not properly controlled. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-circuit_current |
Watt-peak | Watt-peak (W_peak) is a indicator of the highest power capacity of a solar array under optimal sunlight conditions. It indicates the array's peak ability to produce electricity in conventional testing environments . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt-peak |
Voltmeter | A voltmeter is an electronic device used to determine the voltage between two locations in a electrical system. It is frequently utilized in various electrical and electronic applications to verify proper voltage levels | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltmeter |
Potential-induced degradation | Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a occurrence in solar modules where increased voltage stress causes a substantial reduction in energy production and performance. It occurs due to leakage current and ion transfer within the solar cell components, leading to performance deterioration over time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential-induced_degradation |
Boron | Boron serves as a semi metallic chemical element essential for plant development and applied in various industrial uses, such as glassmaking and semiconductor manufacturing. It has unique chemical properties that cause it beneficial in manufacturing robust, heat-resistant materials. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron |
Photovoltaic mounting system | A solar panel mounting system securely supports solar panels, ensuring optimal tilt and orientation for best sunlight exposure. It is designed to withstand environmental conditions while providing a robust and long-lasting foundation for solar energy installations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_mounting_system |
Solar power plant | A solar power plant captures sunlight using vast arrays of photovoltaic solar panels to generate renewable electricity. It provides an environmentally friendly energy source, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_plant |
Agrivoltaics | Agrivoltaics is the combined method of utilizing land for both solar power production and farming, making the most of space and resources. This approach boosts crop production while concurrently producing renewable energy, promoting sustainable land use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrivoltaics |
Bifacial solar cells | Bifacial photovoltaic cells are photovoltaic devices designed to harvest sunlight from both their front and rear surfaces, improving overall energy production. They are commonly positioned in a way that improves effectiveness by leveraging albedo effect and bounced sunlight from the environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifacial_solar_cells |
Solar canopy | A solar canopy is a structure that provides shelter while generating electricity through integrated solar panels. It is frequently installed in parking lots, walkways, or open spaces to combine environmental benefits with practical design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_canopy |
Solar array | A solar panel setup is a collection of numerous photovoltaic modules designed to create electricity from sunlight. It is often used in green energy setups to produce environmentally friendly, eco-friendly power for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_array |
Patio cover | A outdoor cover is a structure that delivers shade and cover from the elements for outdoor living spaces. It improves the usability and visual charm of a patio, making it a comfortable space for relaxation and gatherings. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio_cover |
Zenith angle | The angle measured from directly overhead is the measurement between the perpendicular line directly overhead and the line of sight to a celestial object. It is employed in astronomy and meteorology to indicate the position of bodies in the heavens relative to an observer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith_angle |
Azimuth angle | The azimuth angle is a azimuth measured clockwise from a reference direction, usually true north, to the line connecting an observer to a point of interest. It is commonly used in navigation, mapping, and celestial observation to specify the orientation of an target with respect to the observer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth_angle |
Occupational hazards of solar panel installation | Installing solar panels exposes workers to risks such as falls from heights and electric shocks, requiring proper safety measures. Additionally, exposure to rough climate and potential bodily injuries pose significant occupational hazards of solar panel installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hazards_of_solar_panel_installation |
Cadmium telluride | CdTe is a semiconductor substance commonly employed in thin-film solar cells due to its excellent performance and cost-effectiveness. It exhibits outstanding optical characteristics, making it a common option for photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride |
List of photovoltaics companies | An list of photovoltaics companies features the top manufacturers and suppliers focused on solar panel technology and renewable energy solutions across the globe. These companies are key in driving solar energy integration and advancement across different markets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaics_companies |
Gigawatt | A gigawatt is a measure of power equal to one billion watts, used to measure large-scale electricity production and utilization. It is typically associated with generating stations, electricity networks, and significant power projects worldwide. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigawatt |
First Solar | First Solar is a international leader in solar power solutions, expert in manufacturing thin film solar modules that offer high efficiency and economical energy production. The organization is dedicated to green renewable energy advancement and decreasing the world's reliance on fossil fuels through innovative solar technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Solar |
GCL System Integration Technology | GCL System Integration Technology focuses in seamlessly linking various components of factory and automated systems to boost efficiency and dependability. It concentrates on creating innovative solutions that facilitate efficient communication and interoperability among various technological platforms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCL_System_Integration_Technology |
Shunfeng Photovoltaic | Shunfeng Photovoltaic stands as a top China's corporation specializing in manufacturing and innovating solar-powered solar products and solutions. It is known for state-of-the-art tech and sustainable energy initiatives in the renewable energy sector. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunfeng_Photovoltaic |
GigaWatt | GigaWatt is a unit of power equal to 1,000,000,000 W, often utilized to represent the ability of large-scale power generation or usage. It emphasizes the immense power magnitude involved in contemporary energy framework and tech. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GigaWatt |
Experience curve effects | Knowledge curve effects refer to the effect where the unit cost reduces as total output increases, due to learning and optimization gained over time. This concept highlights the significance of stored knowledge in lowering costs and boosting output in manufacturing and other processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects |
Photovoltaics | Photovoltaic systems turn sunlight directly into electricity through semiconductor elements, primarily silicon. This technology is a environmentally friendly, sustainable energy source that helps cut down reliance on fossil fuels and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics |
Grid parity | Grid parity occurs when the price of producing solar or wind energy becomes equal to or lower than the cost of buying power from the electric grid. Achieving grid parity signifies that renewable energy sources are cost-effectively viable with conventional coal, oil, natural gas. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_parity |
Mains electricity | Mains electricity acts as the main electrical power supplied to homes and companies through a network of power lines, delivering a reliable source of energy for various appliances. It generally operates at a voltage of around 120V or 230V, depending on the region, and is delivered through alternating current (AC). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity |
Balance of system | Balance of system (BOS) includes all parts of a solar power system except the photovoltaic panels, including inverters, racking, wiring, and additional electrical hardware. It is crucial for securing the efficient and reliable operation of a solar energy installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_system |
Solar energy | Sunlight is captured from the sun's rays using photovoltaic panels to produce electricity or through thermal solar systems to generate heat. It is a green, sustainable, and eco-conscious energy source that limits the use of fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy |
Applications of photovoltaics | Photovoltaics are commonly employed in domestic, business, and industrial sites to generate green, renewable electricity from sunlight. They also drive remote and off-grid locations, providing sustainable energy solutions where traditional power grids are not accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_photovoltaics |
List of solar-powered products | A catalog of solar energy products features a variety of tools that utilize sunlight to produce energy, encouraging environmentally friendly and sustainable living. These items include covering solar energy units and lights to appliances and outdoor gear, offering versatile alternatives for power needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar-powered_products |
Photovoltaic power station | An photovoltaic power station is a plant that transforms sunlight immediately into electricity using solar modules. It is a renewable energy source that helps reduce reliance on fossil fuels and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station |
Solar hybrid power systems | Solar hybrid power systems merge solar panels with additional energy sources, such as wind or diesel generators, to deliver a reliable and efficient power supply. They maximize energy use by balancing renewable resources and backup options, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and reducing overall emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_hybrid_power_systems |
Concentrated photovoltaics | Concentrated photovoltaics use optical lenses or reflectors to focus solar radiation onto high-performance photovoltaic cells, greatly boosting power output from less space. This method is particularly effective in areas with direct, strong sunlight and offers a promising approach to reducing the cost of. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_photovoltaics |